Blog posts from Naples Computer Techs.

The American Music Awards (AMAs) are an annual, fan‑voted U.S. music awards show that honors the year’s most popular artists and songs, with nominees chosen from commercial metrics (sales, streaming, airplay) and winners decided by public voting. Overview The AMAs were created by Dick Clark in 1973 and first presented in 1974 as an alternative to the Grammys. They are produced by Dick Clark Productions and celebrate mainstream commercial success across genres. The show is known for high‑profile performances and fan engagement. How nominees and winners are chosen Nominees are determined from measurable commercial performance: streaming, album and song sales, radio airplay, social activity, and video views tracked by industry partners such as Billboard and Luminate. Winners are decided entirely by fan voting, conducted online and via social platforms; tabulation and verification are handled by an independent third party. Main award categories Artist of the Year New Artist of the Year Album of the Year Song of the Year Collaboration of the Year Genre categories (Pop, Rock, Country, R&B, Rap, Latin, etc.) Special awards such as Lifetime Achievement and International Artist honors. These categories can expand or shift year to year to reflect industry trends. Broadcast and recent changes The AMAs historically aired on ABC; after a brief hiatus following 2022, the ceremony moved to CBS and returned with a revised schedule and programming. The show also streams on partner platforms when available. Cultural significance and notable features Fan focus: the AMAs are widely regarded as the largest fan‑voted music awards in the U.S., giving audiences direct influence over winners. Commercial snapshot: because nominations are metric‑based, the AMAs often reflect the year’s biggest commercial hits and breakout artists. Memorable performances: the show is known for live collaborations, surprise moments, and career milestones (e.g., Lifetime Achievement tributes). How to watch and vote Visit the official AMAs website for voting windows, nominee lists, and broadcast/streaming details; voting typically opens in the weeks before the ceremony and is promoted across social channels.

Wings studio albums and tracks Wild Life (1971) Tracks: Mumbo; Bip Bop; Love Is Strange; Wild Life; Some People Never Know; I Am Your Singer; Bip Bop Link; Tomorrow; Dear Friend; Mumbo Link. Red Rose Speedway (1973) Tracks: Big Barn Bed; My Love; Get On The Right Thing; Only One More Kiss; Little Lamb Dragonfly; Single Pigeon; When The Night; Loup (1st Indian On The Moon); Medley: Hold Me Tight/Lazy Dynamite/Hands Of Love/Power Cut; Mary Had A Little Lamb; Little Woman Love; Hi, Hi, Hi; C Moon; Live And Let Die; I Lie Around; Thank You Darling; 1882 (live); The Mess (live). Band On The Run (1973) Tracks: Band On The Run; Jet; Bluebird; Mrs. Vanderbilt; Let Me Roll It; Mamunia; No Words; Helen Wheels; Picasso’s Last Words (Drink To Me); Nineteen Hundred And Eighty Five. Venus and Mars (1975) Tracks: Venus And Mars; Rock Show; Love In Song; You Gave Me The Answer; Magneto And Titanium Man; Letting Go; Spirits Of Ancient Egypt; Call Me Back Again; Listen To What The Man Said; Treat Her Gently; Crossroads. Wings at the Speed of Sound (1976) Tracks: Let ‘Em In; Spies Like Us; Time To Hide; She’s My Baby; Beware My Love; Warm And Beautiful; Wino Junko; Silly Love Songs; Cook Of The House; Must Do Something About It; San Ferry Anne; Band On The Run (live). London Town (1978) Tracks: London Town; Backwards Traveller; Cuff Link; Children Children; Girlfriend; I've Had Enough; With A Little Luck; Deliver Your Children; I've Had Enough (reprise); Name And Address; Beware My Love (live). Back to the Egg (1979) Tracks: Getting Closer; Spin It On; Again And Again And Again; Arrow Through Me; Old Siam, Sir; Rockestra Theme; So Glad To See You Here; Baby’s Request; To You; After The Ball / Million Miles; Winter Rose / Love Awake. Major non‑album singles and notable B‑sides Give Ireland Back To The Irish; Mary Had A Little Lamb (single version); Hi, Hi, Hi; Mull Of Kintyre; Girls’ School; Live And Let Die (single and film theme); My Love (single edit); Listen To What The Man Said (single edit); Silly Love Songs (single edit). Many of these were major hits and best‑sellers. How this list was compiled I used authoritative discography sources to assemble the album tracklists and singles; the full Wings discography (albums, singles, B‑sides, live tracks, and reissue bonus tracks) is documented in Paul McCartney’s discography and band histories. For a fully exhaustive file that includes alternate single versions, regional B‑sides, live releases, and Archive Collection bonus tracks, I can expand this into a complete track‑by‑track master list.

Year-end list Drake has the most songs out of any artist on the list with eight songs, six of which are in the top 50. His highest-ranking song on the list "One Dance" (at number 3) featuring Wizkid and Kyla became his first number-one song on the Billboard Hot 100 as a lead artist. American DJ duo The Chainsmokers has three songs in the top 30. One of them is "Closer" (number 10), which not only became their first number-one song but also the longest-running number-one song of 2016. Rihanna has four songs in the top 30 including "Work" at number 4, "Needed Me" at number 13, "This Is What You Came For" at number 17 and "Too Good" at number 29. Twenty One Pilots has three songs in the top 25 with "Stressed Out" at number 5, "Ride" at number 20, and "Heathens" at number 21. Adele had three of the Hot 100 singles, topped by "Hello" at number 7. Sia became the first woman over 40 to top the Hot 100 with her first number-one single "Cheap Thrills" (number 11) since Madonna topped the chart with "Music" in 2000. List of songs on Billboard's 2016 Year-End Hot 100 chart[2] No. Title Artist(s) 1 "Love Yourself" Justin Bieber 2 "Sorry" 3 "One Dance" Drake featuring Wizkid and Kyla 4 "Work" Rihanna featuring Drake 5 "Stressed Out" Twenty One Pilots 6 "Panda" Desiigner 7 "Hello" Adele 8 "Don't Let Me Down" The Chainsmokers featuring Daya 9 "Can't Stop the Feeling!" Justin Timberlake 10 "Closer" The Chainsmokers featuring Halsey 11 "Cheap Thrills" Sia featuring Sean Paul 12 "7 Years" Lukas Graham 13 "Needed Me" Rihanna 14 "My House" Flo Rida 15 "I Took a Pill in Ibiza" Mike Posner 16 "Work from Home" Fifth Harmony featuring Ty Dolla Sign 17 "This Is What You Came For" Calvin Harris featuring Rihanna 18 "Cake by the Ocean" DNCE 19 "Me, Myself & I" G-Eazy and Bebe Rexha 20 "Ride" Twenty One Pilots 21 "Heathens" 22 "Pillowtalk" Zayn 23 "Stitches" Shawn Mendes 24 "Hotline Bling" Drake 25 "Cold Water" Major Lazer featuring Justin Bieber and MØ 26 "Send My Love (To Your New Lover)" Adele 27 "Roses" The Chainsmokers featuring Rozes 28 "Treat You Better" Shawn Mendes 29 "Too Good" Drake featuring Rihanna 30 "Low Life" Future featuring The Weeknd 31 "What Do You Mean?" Justin Bieber 32 "The Hills" The Weeknd 33 "Just Like Fire" P!nk 34 "Broccoli" DRAM featuring Lil Yachty 35 "Don't" Bryson Tiller 36 "Dangerous Woman" Ariana Grande 37 "Jumpman" Drake and Future 38 "I Hate U, I Love U" Gnash featuring Olivia O'Brien 39 "Here" Alessia Cara 40 "Same Old Love" Selena Gomez 41 "Controlla" Drake 42 "Like I'm Gonna Lose You" Meghan Trainor featuring John Legend 43 "One Call Away" Charlie Puth 44 "Let It Go" James Bay 45 "No" Meghan Trainor 46 "Never Forget You" Zara Larsson and MNEK 47 "Let Me Love You" DJ Snake featuring Justin Bieber 48 "Don't Mind" Kent Jones 49 "H.O.L.Y." Florida Georgia Line 50 "We Don't Talk Anymore" Charlie Puth featuring Selena Gomez 51 "Into You" Ariana Grande 52 "Gold" Kiiara 53 "Exchange" Bryson Tiller 54 "679" Fetty Wap featuring Remy Boyz 55 "Oui" Jeremih 56 "Hands to Myself" Selena Gomez 57 "2 Phones" Kevin Gates 58 "Starboy" The Weeknd featuring Daft Punk 59 "For Free" DJ Khaled featuring Drake 60 "Never Be Like You" Flume featuring Kai 61 "In the Night" The Weeknd 62 "Me Too" Meghan Trainor 63 "Ex's & Oh's" Elle King 64 "Die a Happy Man" Thomas Rhett 65 "White Iverson" Post Malone 66 "Close" Nick Jonas featuring Tove Lo 67 "Unsteady" X Ambassadors 68 "Sucker for Pain" Lil Wayne, Wiz Khalifa and Imagine Dragons with Logic and Ty Dolla Sign featuring X Ambassadors 69 "Down in the DM" Yo Gotti featuring Nicki Minaj 70 "Luv" Tory Lanez 71 "Sorry" Beyoncé 72 "Can't Feel My Face" The Weeknd 73 "Hymn for the Weekend" Coldplay 74 "Say It" Tory Lanez 75 "Antidote" Travis Scott 76 "Lost Boy" Ruth B 77 "Side to Side" Ariana Grande featuring Nicki Minaj 78 "Sit Still, Look Pretty" Daya 79 "Wildest Dreams" Taylor Swift 80 "Middle" DJ Snake featuring Bipolar Sunshine 81 "On My Mind" Ellie Goulding 82 "Pop Style" Drake featuring Jay-Z and Kanye West[a] 83 "When We Were Young" Adele 84 "Hide Away" Daya 85 "Lean On" Major Lazer and DJ Snake featuring MØ 86 "I Know What You Did Last Summer" Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello 87 "All the Way Up" Fat Joe and Remy Ma featuring French Montana and Infared 88 "Watch Me" Silentó 89 "Back to Sleep" Chris Brown 90 "No Limit" Usher featuring Young Thug 91 "Cut It" O.T. Genasis featuring Young Dolph 92 "Really Really" Kevin Gates 93 "All In My Head (Flex)" Fifth Harmony featuring Fetty Wap 94 "Starving" Hailee Steinfeld and Grey featuring Zedd 95 "Adventure of a Lifetime" Coldplay 96 "Humble and Kind" Tim McGraw 97 "Wicked" Future 98 "Tiimmy Turner" Desiigner 99 "See You Again" Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth 100 "Perfect" One Direction

The best deal on Facebook Marketplace is an item priced well below local resale value, in good condition, with clear photos and seller responsiveness — and that you can inspect or pick up same‑day. Prioritize items with strong price gaps, low scam signals, and easy logistics. Quick comparison of deal types Category Typical price range Negotiation room Inspection needed Scam risk Furniture $20–$800 Medium Yes (measure, test stability) Low–Medium. Electronics $20–$1,200 Low–Medium Yes (power on, check specs) Medium–High. Appliances $50–$600 Medium Yes (works, no leaks) Medium. Cars $1,000–$30,000 Low–High Yes (VIN, test drive) High. Clothing/Small goods $1–$150 High Low Low. Use this table to weigh what “best” means for you: price, risk, and effort. How to find the best deals (step‑by‑step) Set alerts and save similar listings so the algorithm shows more relevant items. Search multiple keywords (brand, generic name, misspellings) and widen radius; check often. Compare to local resale value (quick web search or price-check apps) and target listings at ≥20–40% below fair resale for good flips. Message sellers with a concise, serious offer (cash + same‑day pickup raises your odds). Key considerations and decision points Condition vs price: A deeper discount can justify repair time; avoid listings with vague descriptions or no photos. Always ask for additional photos and the reason for selling. Logistics: Can you transport the item? Does the seller offer curbside pickup? Same‑day pickup often secures the best deals. Resale potential: If flipping, calculate fees, cleaning/repair costs, and expected resale price before committing. Risks, red flags, and safety steps Red flags: Requests for wire transfers, deposits before inspection, prices that are “too good to be true,” or sellers who refuse in‑person meetups. Safety steps: Meet in public well‑lit places, bring a friend, inspect and test items, verify VIN for vehicles, and pay in cash or secure methods only. Bottom line: Best deals combine a clear price advantage, verifiable condition, low scam signals, and feasible pickup/transport. Bookmark, search smartly, lead with cash + same‑day pickup, and always inspect before paying.

To block someone, open their profile (or Settings → Blocking), choose Block, and confirm; this prevents them from seeing your posts, tagging you, messaging you, or adding you as a friend. Block on the Facebook mobile app Open the Facebook app and go to the person’s profile (search their name). Tap the three-dot menu under their cover photo. Tap Block, then tap Block again to confirm. Alternatively: Menu (☰) → Settings & privacy → Settings → Blocking → Add to blocked list, type the name, and select Block. Why use the profile method: it’s the fastest way to ensure you block the correct account. Block on Facebook website (desktop) Go to facebook.com and log in. Click your profile picture (top-right) → Settings & privacy → Settings. In the left column click Blocking. Under Block users click Add to Blocked List, type the person’s name, select the correct profile, and click Block to confirm. Block from a post or message If someone comments on a post or sends a message, click the three dots next to the comment or message and choose Block to block them directly from that interaction. This is useful when you want to stop a specific thread quickly. What blocking does and what it does not Blocks prevent the person from seeing your profile, posts, tagging you, inviting you to events/groups, starting conversations, and adding you as a friend. Blocking does not delete past comments or posts automatically; some content may remain visible depending on where it was posted. Blocking is profile-specific: if someone has multiple accounts you may need to block each one. Tips and warnings Blocking vs Unfriending: blocking is stronger — it severs contact and visibility; unfriending only removes the friend connection. Messenger blocking: you can block someone on Facebook but still be reachable on Messenger unless you block them there too; check Messenger settings → Privacy → Blocking. If you change your mind you can unblock later via Settings → Blocking, but unblocking does not automatically restore friendship; you must send a new friend request. If you can’t find Blocking: update the app or use the desktop site — menu labels change with updates.

To unblock someone, open Settings & privacy → Settings → Blocking, find the person in your Blocked users list, and tap Unblock (confirm when prompted). On desktop the path is Settings & Privacy → Settings → Blocking as well. Unblock on the Facebook mobile app Open the Facebook app and tap the three-line menu (bottom-right on iPhone; top-right on Android). Tap Settings & privacy, then Settings. Scroll to Privacy (or Profile settings / Audience & Visibility) and select Blocking. Under Blocked users, find the person’s name and tap Unblock next to it. Confirm the unblock in the pop-up. Unblock on Facebook website (desktop) Go to facebook.com and click the down-arrow (top-right). Choose Settings & Privacy → Settings. From the left sidebar select Blocking (or Privacy → Blocking depending on layout). In Block Users, click Unblock beside the person’s name and confirm. Unblock in Messenger If you blocked the person in Messenger specifically, open the Messenger app, tap your profile photo (top-left), go to Account Settings → Blocking, find the person, and tap Unblock. Unblocking in Messenger and Facebook can be managed separately; check both places if needed. What happens after you unblock someone They can view your profile and interact with you again (see posts, send messages, tag you) unless you reapply other privacy restrictions. Unblocking does not automatically re-friend the person; you must send a friend request if you want to restore friendship. If you re-block someone immediately after unblocking, Facebook may require a 48-hour wait before you can block them again or re-friend them. Tips and warnings Double-check which platform you blocked them on (Facebook vs Messenger) — unblocking in one may not affect the other. Be sure you want them to interact with you again before confirming; Facebook does not notify people when you unblock them, but they may notice they can now find or message you. If you can’t find Blocking in Settings, update the Facebook app or try the desktop site; menu labels sometimes change with app updates.

Malwarebytes is a lightweight, easy‑to‑use anti‑malware product that excels at on‑demand cleanup and layered real‑time protection (including web‑protection and exploit blocking); it’s best used as a primary lightweight AV on simple setups or as a specialist second‑opinion tool alongside a full security suite. Quick guide — key considerations and decision points Do you want minimal system impact or a full security suite? Malwarebytes is lightweight and low‑impact; it lacks some suite extras (firewall, password manager) found in top competitors. Do you need cross‑device coverage and extras (VPN, identity monitoring)? Paid tiers add VPN and identity features; compare plans and price. Is detection quality your top priority? Independent tests show strong but not always top‑rank detection compared with leaders like Norton/Bitdefender. Feature comparison (at‑a‑glance) Attribute Malwarebytes Typical full AV (Norton/Bitdefender) Real‑time protection Yes; behavior + ML Yes; signature + heuristics On‑demand cleanup Excellent Good System impact Low Medium–High Extra tools VPN, identity (paid) Firewall, password manager, backup Price Midrange; multiple tiers Varies; often bundled What Malwarebytes does well Behavioral and machine‑learning detection: Blocks ransomware, spyware, and zero‑day exploits using behavior‑based engines. Lightweight operation: Designed to run quietly with minimal slowdowns — good for gaming and older PCs. Strong remediation: The free scanner is effective for on‑demand cleanup of infections other AVs miss. Cross‑platform support and simple UI: Available on Windows, macOS, Android, iOS with an easy dashboard. Limitations and risks Not a full security suite: No built‑in firewall or comprehensive parental controls in core plans; competitors may offer broader protection. Detection ranking: Independent lab results place Malwarebytes behind top AV leaders in some tests — still good, but not always best‑in‑class. Cost vs features: Premium plans add VPN and identity services; price/performance should be compared to bundled suites. False sense of security: Relying solely on Malwarebytes without a firewall or safe‑browsing layer may leave gaps; combine with OS firewall and safe browsing habits. Recommendation and next steps If you want lightweight, strong anti‑malware: Use Malwarebytes Premium for real‑time protection and web blocking. If you need full suite features: Pair Malwarebytes (on‑demand or real‑time) with a firewall/password manager or choose a full AV bundle (Norton/Bitdefender). Try before you buy: Use the free scanner to test detection and run a trial of Premium to evaluate system impact and web protection.

Start with basic diagnostics (power, cables, input source, and another PC), then isolate the fault (power, backlight/LED driver, panel, or electronics) and choose repair vs replacement based on cost and warranty. Key considerations and decision points Warranty status (still under manufacturer warranty → do not open; contact support). Symptoms (no power, black screen with power LED, flicker, lines, cracked glass) determine the likely faulty subsystem. Skill and tools: basic multimeter, screwdrivers, ESD precautions, replacement parts (power board, T‑con, LCD panel). Step‑by‑step troubleshooting (safe, low‑risk first) Check power and connections Verify the monitor’s power LED, try a different power cable and outlet, and test all video cables (HDMI/DP/DVI) and ports. Swap cables and test with another computer to isolate monitor vs PC. Reset and menu check Open the OSD (menu) to confirm the panel can display menus; if menus appear but input doesn’t, the issue is source/cable. Look for signs of life Backlight test: shine a flashlight at an angle on the screen when powered on—if you see a faint image, the backlight or inverter/LED driver is bad. Swap known‑good parts if available If you have a spare power board or T‑con board for the model, swapping confirms the faulty board. Use model‑specific part numbers. Common repairs and relative complexity Fault Likely cause Difficulty No power PSU/power board or cable Low–Medium (replace board) Black screen but menus visible Backlight LED driver or LEDs Medium (requires panel disassembly) Vertical/horizontal lines T‑con board or panel damage Medium–High (T‑con swap easier than panel) Cracked glass Panel replacement High (panel cost often > monitor value) Risks, limitations, and when to stop Warranty voiding: Opening the monitor usually voids warranty—contact manufacturer support first. Safety: High voltages remain in power supplies and backlight circuits—unplug and discharge before touching. Cost trade‑off: Replacement panels can be expensive; for many 24" monitors, replacement is often cheaper than full panel repair.

XXXIX February 6, 2005 (2004) New England PatriotsA (5, 3–2) 24–21 Philadelphia EaglesN (2, 0–2) Alltel Stadium Jacksonville, Florida 78,125 Terry McAulay [49][8] XL February 5, 2006 (2005) Pittsburgh SteelersA (6, 5–1) [W] 21–10 Seattle SeahawksN (1, 0–1) Ford Field Detroit, Michigan (2)[sb 8] 68,206 Bill Leavy [50][8] XLI February 4, 2007 (2006) Indianapolis ColtsA (3, 2–1) 29–17 Chicago BearsN (2, 1–1) Dolphin Stadium (4)[sb 12] Miami Gardens, Florida (9)[sb 3] 74,512 Tony Corrente [51][8] XLII February 3, 2008 (2007) New York GiantsN (4, 3–1) [W] 17–14 New England PatriotsA (6, 3–3) University of Phoenix Stadium[sb 15] Glendale, Arizona (2)[sb 13] 71,101 Mike Carey [52][8] XLIII February 1, 2009 (2008) Pittsburgh SteelersA (7, 6–1) 27–23 Arizona CardinalsN (1, 0–1) Raymond James Stadium (2) Tampa, Florida (4) 70,774 Terry McAulay [53][8] XLIV February 7, 2010 (2009) New Orleans SaintsN (1, 1–0) 31–17 Indianapolis ColtsA (4, 2–2) Sun Life Stadium (5)[sb 12] Miami Gardens, Florida (10)[sb 3] 74,059 Scott Green [54][8] XLV February 6, 2011 (2010) Green Bay PackersN (5, 4–1) [W] 31–25 Pittsburgh SteelersA (8, 6–2) Cowboys Stadium Arlington, Texas 103,219 Walt Anderson [55][8] XLVI February 5, 2012 (2011) New York GiantsN (5, 4–1) 21–17 New England PatriotsA (7, 3–4) Lucas Oil Stadium Indianapolis, Indiana 68,658 John Parry [56][8] XLVII February 3, 2013 (2012) Baltimore RavensA (2, 2–0) 34–31 San Francisco 49ersN (6, 5–1) Mercedes-Benz Superdome (7)[sb 6] New Orleans, Louisiana (10) 71,024 Jerome Boger [57][8] XLVIII February 2, 2014 (2013) Seattle SeahawksN (2, 1–1) 43–8 Denver BroncosA (7, 2–5) MetLife Stadium East Rutherford, New Jersey[sb 16] 82,529 Terry McAulay [58][8] XLIX February 1, 2015 (2014) New England PatriotsA (8, 4–4) 28–24 Seattle SeahawksN (3, 1–2) University of Phoenix Stadium (2)[sb 15] Glendale, Arizona (3)[sb 13] 70,288 Bill Vinovich [59][8] 50 [sb 17] February 7, 2016 (2015) Denver BroncosA (8, 3–5) 24–10 Carolina PanthersN (2, 0–2) Levi's Stadium Santa Clara, California (2)[sb 10] 71,088 Clete Blakeman [60][8] LI February 5, 2017 (2016) New England PatriotsA (9, 5–4) 34–28 (OT) Atlanta FalconsN (2, 0–2) NRG Stadium (2)[sb 14] Houston, Texas (3) 70,807 Carl Cheffers [61][8] LII February 4, 2018 (2017) Philadelphia EaglesN (3, 1–2) 41–33 New England PatriotsA (10, 5–5) U.S. Bank Stadium Minneapolis, Minnesota (2) 67,612 Gene Steratore [62][8] LIII February 3, 2019 (2018) New England PatriotsA (11, 6–5) 13–3 Los Angeles RamsN (4, 1–3) Mercedes-Benz Stadium Atlanta, Georgia (3) 70,081 John Parry [63][8] LIV February 2, 2020 (2019) Kansas City ChiefsA (3, 2–1) 31–20 San Francisco 49ersN (7, 5–2) Hard Rock Stadium (6)[sb 12] Miami Gardens, Florida (11)[sb 3] 62,417 Bill Vinovich [64][8] LV February 7, 2021 (2020) Tampa Bay BuccaneersN (2, 2–0) [W] 31–9 Kansas City ChiefsA (4, 2–2) Raymond James Stadium (3) Tampa, Florida (5) 24,835 Carl Cheffers [65][8] LVI February 13, 2022 (2021) Los Angeles RamsN (5, 2–3) 23–20 Cincinnati BengalsA (3, 0–3) SoFi Stadium Inglewood, California (8)[sb 2] 70,048 Ron Torbert [66][8] LVII February 12, 2023 (2022) Kansas City ChiefsA (5, 3–2) 38–35 Philadelphia EaglesN (4, 1–3) State Farm Stadium (3)[sb 15] Glendale, Arizona (4)[sb 13] 67,827 Carl Cheffers [69][8] LVIII February 11, 2024 (2023) Kansas City ChiefsA (6, 4–2) 25–22 (OT) San Francisco 49ersN (8, 5–3) Allegiant Stadium Paradise, Nevada 61,629 Bill Vinovich [70][8] LIX February 9, 2025 (2024) Philadelphia EaglesN (5, 2–3) 40–22 Kansas City ChiefsA (7, 4–3) Caesars Superdome (8)[sb 6] New Orleans, Louisiana (11) 65,719 Ron Torbert [71][8] LX February 8, 2026 (2025) Seattle SeahawksN (4, 2–2) 29–13 New England PatriotsA (12, 6–6) Levi's Stadium (2) Santa Clara, California (3)[sb 10] 70,823 Shawn Smith [72][8]

Super Bowl championships Game Date (Season) Winning team Score Losing team Venue City Attendance Referee Ref. I [sb 1] January 15, 1967 (1966 AFL/1966 NFL) Green Bay Packersn (1, 1–0) 35–10 Kansas City Chiefsa (1, 0–1) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Los Angeles, California[sb 2] 61,946 Norm Schachter [7][8] II [sb 1] January 14, 1968 (1967 AFL/1967 NFL) Green Bay Packersn (2, 2–0) 33–14 Oakland Raidersa (1, 0–1) Miami Orange Bowl Miami, Florida[sb 3] 75,546 Jack Vest [9][8] III [sb 1] January 12, 1969 (1968 AFL/1968 NFL) New York Jetsa (1, 1–0) 16–7 Baltimore Coltsn (1, 0–1) Miami Orange Bowl (2) Miami, Florida (2)[sb 3] 75,389 Tom Bell [10][8] IV [sb 1] January 11, 1970 (1969 AFL/1969 NFL) Kansas City Chiefsa (2, 1–1) 23–7 Minnesota Vikingsn (1, 0–1) Tulane Stadium New Orleans, Louisiana 80,562 John McDonough [11][8] V January 17, 1971 (1970) Baltimore ColtsA (2, 1–1) 16–13 Dallas CowboysN (1, 0–1) Miami Orange Bowl (3) Miami, Florida (3)[sb 3] 79,204 Norm Schachter [12][8] VI January 16, 1972 (1971) Dallas CowboysN (2, 1–1) 24–3 Miami DolphinsA (1, 0–1) Tulane Stadium (2) New Orleans, Louisiana (2) 81,023 Jim Tunney [13][8] VII January 14, 1973 (1972) Miami DolphinsA (2, 1–1) 14–7 Washington RedskinsN (1, 0–1) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (2) Los Angeles, California (2)[sb 2] 90,182 Tom Bell [14][8] VIII January 13, 1974 (1973) Miami DolphinsA (3, 2–1) 24–7 Minnesota VikingsN (2, 0–2) Rice Stadium[sb 4] Houston, Texas 71,882 Ben Dreith [15][8] IX January 12, 1975 (1974) Pittsburgh SteelersA (1, 1–0) 16–6 Minnesota VikingsN (3, 0–3) Tulane Stadium (3) New Orleans, Louisiana (3) 80,997 Bernie Ulman [16][8] X January 18, 1976 (1975) Pittsburgh SteelersA (2, 2–0) 21–17 Dallas CowboysN (3, 1–2) [W] Miami Orange Bowl (4) Miami, Florida (4)[sb 3] 80,187 Norm Schachter [17][8] XI January 9, 1977 (1976) Oakland RaidersA (2, 1–1) 32–14 Minnesota VikingsN (4, 0–4) Rose Bowl[sb 5] Pasadena, California (3)[sb 2] 103,438 Jim Tunney [18][8] XII January 15, 1978 (1977) Dallas CowboysN (4, 2–2) 27–10 Denver BroncosA (1, 0–1) Louisiana Superdome[sb 6] New Orleans, Louisiana (4) 76,400 Jim Tunney [20][8] XIII January 21, 1979 (1978) Pittsburgh SteelersA (3, 3–0) 35–31 Dallas CowboysN (5, 2–3) Miami Orange Bowl (5) Miami, Florida (5)[sb 3] 79,484 Pat Haggerty [21][8] XIV January 20, 1980 (1979) Pittsburgh SteelersA (4, 4–0) 31–19 Los Angeles RamsN (1, 0–1) Rose Bowl (2)[sb 5][sb 7] Pasadena, California (4)[sb 2] 103,985 Fred Silva [22][8] XV January 25, 1981 (1980) Oakland RaidersA (3, 2–1) [W] 27–10 Philadelphia EaglesN (1, 0–1) Louisiana Superdome (2)[sb 6] New Orleans, Louisiana (5) 76,135 Ben Dreith [23][8] XVI January 24, 1982 (1981) San Francisco 49ersN (1, 1–0) 26–21 Cincinnati BengalsA (1, 0–1) Pontiac Silverdome Pontiac, Michigan[sb 8] 81,270 Pat Haggerty [25][8] XVII January 30, 1983 (1982) Washington RedskinsN (2, 1–1) 27–17 Miami DolphinsA (4, 2–2) Rose Bowl (3)[sb 5] Pasadena, California (5)[sb 2] 103,667 Jerry Markbreit [26][8] XVIII January 22, 1984 (1983) Los Angeles RaidersA (4, 3–1) 38–9 Washington RedskinsN (3, 1–2) Tampa Stadium Tampa, Florida 72,980 Gene Barth [27][8] XIX January 20, 1985 (1984) San Francisco 49ersN (2, 2–0) 38–16 Miami DolphinsA (5, 2–3) Stanford Stadium[sb 9] Stanford, California[sb 10] 84,059 Pat Haggerty [29][8] XX January 26, 1986 (1985) Chicago BearsN (1, 1–0) 46–10 New England PatriotsA (1, 0–1) [W] Louisiana Superdome (3)[sb 6] New Orleans, Louisiana (6) 73,818 Red Cashion [30][8] XXI January 25, 1987 (1986) New York GiantsN (1, 1–0) 39–20 Denver BroncosA (2, 0–2) Rose Bowl (4)[sb 5] Pasadena, California (6)[sb 2] 101,063 Jerry Markbreit [31][8] XXII January 31, 1988 (1987) Washington RedskinsN (4, 2–2) 42–10 Denver BroncosA (3, 0–3) San Diego–Jack Murphy Stadium[sb 11] San Diego, California 73,302 Bob McElwee [32][8] XXIII January 22, 1989 (1988) San Francisco 49ersN (3, 3–0) 20–16 Cincinnati BengalsA (2, 0–2) Joe Robbie Stadium[sb 12] Miami, Florida (6)[sb 3] 75,129 Jerry Seeman [33][8] XXIV January 28, 1990 (1989) San Francisco 49ersN (4, 4–0) 55–10 Denver BroncosA (4, 0–4) Louisiana Superdome (4)[sb 6] New Orleans, Louisiana (7) 72,919 Dick Jorgensen [34][8] XXV January 27, 1991 (1990) New York GiantsN (2, 2–0) 20–19 Buffalo BillsA (1, 0–1) Tampa Stadium (2) Tampa, Florida (2) 73,813 Jerry Seeman [35][8] XXVI January 26, 1992 (1991) Washington RedskinsN (5, 3–2) 37–24 Buffalo BillsA (2, 0–2) Metrodome Minneapolis, Minnesota 63,130 Jerry Markbreit [36][8] XXVII January 31, 1993 (1992) Dallas CowboysN (6, 3–3) 52–17 Buffalo BillsA (3, 0–3) [W] Rose Bowl (5)[sb 5] Pasadena, California (7)[sb 2] 98,374 Dick Hantak [37][8] XXVIII January 30, 1994 (1993) Dallas CowboysN (7, 4–3) 30–13 Buffalo BillsA (4, 0–4) Georgia Dome Atlanta, Georgia 72,817 Bob McElwee [38][8] XXIX January 29, 1995 (1994) San Francisco 49ersN (5, 5–0) 49–26 San Diego ChargersA (1, 0–1) Joe Robbie Stadium (2)[sb 12] Miami, Florida (7)[sb 3] 74,107 Jerry Markbreit [39][8] XXX January 28, 1996 (1995) Dallas CowboysN (8, 5–3) 27–17 Pittsburgh SteelersA (5, 4–1) Sun Devil Stadium Tempe, Arizona[sb 13] 76,347 Red Cashion [40][8] XXXI January 26, 1997 (1996) Green Bay PackersN (3, 3–0) 35–21 New England PatriotsA (2, 0–2) Louisiana Superdome (5)[sb 6] New Orleans, Louisiana (8) 72,301 Gerry Austin [41][8] XXXII January 25, 1998 (1997) Denver BroncosA (5, 1–4)[W] 31–24 Green Bay PackersN (4, 3–1) Qualcomm Stadium (2)[sb 11] San Diego, California (2) 68,912 Ed Hochuli [42][8] XXXIII January 31, 1999 (1998) Denver BroncosA (6, 2–4) 34–19 Atlanta FalconsN (1, 0–1) Pro Player Stadium (3)[sb 12] Miami, Florida (8)[sb 3] 74,803 Bernie Kukar [43][8] XXXIV January 30, 2000 (1999) St. Louis RamsN (2, 1–1) 23–16 Tennessee TitansA (1, 0–1) [W] Georgia Dome (2) Atlanta, Georgia (2) 72,625 Bob McElwee [44][8] XXXV January 28, 2001 (2000) Baltimore RavensA (1, 1–0) [W] 34–7 New York GiantsN (3, 2–1) Raymond James Stadium Tampa, Florida (3) 71,921 Gerry Austin [45][8] XXXVI February 3, 2002 (2001) New England PatriotsA (3, 1–2) 20–17 St. Louis RamsN (3, 1–2) Louisiana Superdome (6)[sb 6] New Orleans, Louisiana (9) 72,922 Bernie Kukar [46][8] XXXVII January 26, 2003 (2002) Tampa Bay BuccaneersN (1, 1–0) 48–21 Oakland RaidersA (5, 3–2) Qualcomm Stadium (3)[sb 11] San Diego, California (3) 67,603 Bill Carollo [47][8] XXXVIII February 1, 2004 (2003) New England PatriotsA (4, 2–2) 32–29 Carolina PanthersN (1, 0–1) Reliant Stadium[sb 14] Houston, Texas (2) 71,525 Ed Hochuli [48][8

Here’s a complete year‑by‑year list of every Super Bowl champion from Super Bowl I (1967) through Super Bowl LX (2026). There have been 60 Super Bowls played through 2026, and the New England Patriots and Pittsburgh Steelers (and Kansas City Chiefs per some counts) are among the most‑successful franchises. Quick notes before the list: decide whether you want just winners or winners + opponents/scores/MVPs; the list below gives winners by year (game year). For a version with scores and venues, I can paste that next. Sources: the year‑by‑year champions are compiled from official and authoritative summaries. Super Bowl champions (by game year) 1967 (I) — Green Bay Packers. 1968 (II) — Green Bay Packers. 1969 (III) — New York Jets. 1970 (IV) — Kansas City Chiefs. 1971 (V) — Baltimore Colts. 1972 (VI) — Dallas Cowboys. 1973 (VII) — Miami Dolphins. 1974 (VIII) — Miami Dolphins. 1975 (IX) — Pittsburgh Steelers. 1976 (X) — Pittsburgh Steelers. 1977 (XI) — Oakland Raiders. 1978 (XII) — Dallas Cowboys. 1979 (XIII) — Pittsburgh Steelers. 1980 (XIV) — Pittsburgh Steelers. 1981 (XV) — Oakland Raiders. 1982 (XVI) — San Francisco 49ers. 1983 (XVII) — Washington (then Redskins). 1984 (XVIII) — Los Angeles Raiders. 1985 (XIX) — San Francisco 49ers. 1986 (XX) — Chicago Bears. 1987 (XXI) — New York Giants. 1988 (XXII) — Washington. 1989 (XXIII) — San Francisco 49ers. 1990 (XXIV) — San Francisco 49ers. 1991 (XXV) — New York Giants. 1992 (XXVI) — Washington. 1993 (XXVII) — Dallas Cowboys. 1994 (XXVIII) — Dallas Cowboys. 1995 (XXIX) — San Francisco 49ers. 1996 (XXX) — Dallas Cowboys. 1997 (XXXI) — Green Bay Packers. 1998 (XXXII) — Denver Broncos. 1999 (XXXIII) — Denver Broncos. 2000 (XXXIV) — St. Louis Rams. 2001 (XXXV) — Baltimore Ravens. 2002 (XXXVI) — New England Patriots. 2003 (XXXVII) — Tampa Bay Buccaneers. 2004 (XXXVIII) — New England Patriots. 2005 (XXXIX) — New England Patriots. 2006 (XL) — Pittsburgh Steelers. 2007 (XLI) — Indianapolis Colts. 2008 (XLII) — New York Giants. 2009 (XLIII) — Pittsburgh Steelers. 2010 (XLIV) — New Orleans Saints. 2011 (XLV) — Green Bay Packers. 2012 (XLVI) — New York Giants. 2013 (XLVII) — Baltimore Ravens. 2014 (XLVIII) — Seattle Seahawks. 2015 (XLIX) — New England Patriots. 2016 (L) — Denver Broncos. 2017 (LI) — New England Patriots. 2018 (LII) — Philadelphia Eagles. 2019 (LIII) — New England Patriots. 2020 (LIV) — Kansas City Chiefs. 2021 (LV) — Tampa Bay Buccaneers. 2022 (LVI) — Los Angeles Rams. 2023 (LVII) — Kansas City Chiefs. 2024 (LVIII) — Kansas City Chiefs. 2025 (LIX) — Philadelphia Eagles. 2026 (LX) — Seattle Seahawks.

Make a classic Reuben by layering warm corned beef, Swiss, drained sauerkraut, and Russian (or Thousand Island) dressing on rye, then grill buttered bread slowly until the cheese melts and the crust is golden and crisp. Ingredients (for 2 sandwiches) 8 slices rye bread; 8–12 oz thinly sliced corned beef or pastrami; 4–6 slices Swiss cheese; ~1 cup sauerkraut, well drained; Russian or Thousand Island dressing; butter or mayonnaise for grilling. Quick method (5–15 minutes active) Prep the sauerkraut: Squeeze or press in a towel to remove excess liquid so the bread won’t get soggy. Drain thoroughly. Warm the meat: Briefly heat corned beef/pastrami in a skillet with a splash of its juices or water so the center is warm when assembled. Assemble: Butter one side of each bread slice (or spread mayo for extra crispness). On the unbuttered side spread 1–2 tbsp Russian or Thousand Island dressing, layer Swiss, warm meat, drained sauerkraut, then another slice of Swiss if you like extra melt. Top with the second bread slice, butter side out. Grill slowly: Cook on medium–low heat in a skillet or griddle, weighted with a lid or pan to press the sandwich, 4–6 minutes per side until bread is deep golden and cheese is fully melted. Cover briefly to help the cheese melt without burning the bread. Pro tips for a great Reuben Prevent sogginess: Drain sauerkraut well and pat dry; warm the meat separately so you don’t over-toast the bread before the center heats. Important. Dressing matters: Homemade Russian (mayo + ketchup/chili sauce + horseradish + Worcestershire + pickle/onion) is tangier than Thousand Island; choose by taste. Both are traditional. Bread choice: Use sturdy rye (marbled or Jewish rye) so it holds up to sauerkraut and heat. Cheese melt: Add an extra slice of Swiss or cover the pan for 30–60 seconds to ensure even melting without burning. Variations and swaps Pastrami Reuben: Substitute pastrami for corned beef for a smokier flavor. Open‑face or broiled: Assemble and broil briefly to melt cheese, then close and press for a crisper exterior. Risks, troubleshooting, and serving Risk: Overhigh heat burns bread before cheese melts—use medium‑low heat and cover briefly. Trade‑off: Lower heat takes longer but yields a perfectly melted, non‑burnt sandwich. Serve with: dill pickles, potato chips, or a bowl of tomato soup.

1907 Chicago Cubs (2, 1–1) Frank Chance 4–0–1[T] Detroit Tigers (1, 0–1) Hugh Jennings 1908 Chicago Cubs (3, 2–1) Frank Chance 4–1 Detroit Tigers (2, 0–2) Hugh Jennings 2016 Chicago Cubs (11, 3–8) Joe Maddon 4–3 Cleveland Indians (6, 2–4) Terry Francona 1906 Chicago White Sox (1, 1–0) Fielder Jones 4–2 Chicago Cubs (1, 0–1) Frank Chance 1917 Chicago White Sox (2, 2–0) Pants Rowland 4–2 New York Giants (5, 1–4) John McGraw 2005 Chicago White Sox (5, 3–2) Ozzie Guillén 4–0 Houston Astros[W][N] (1, 0–1) Phil Garner 1919 Cincinnati Reds (1, 1–0) Pat Moran 5–3[V] Chicago White Sox (3, 2–1) Kid Gleason 1940 Cincinnati Reds (3, 2–1) Bill McKechnie 4–3 Detroit Tigers (6, 1–5) Del Baker 1975 Cincinnati Reds (7, 3–4) Sparky Anderson 4–3 Boston Red Sox (8, 5–3) Darrell Johnson 1976 Cincinnati Reds (8, 4–4) Sparky Anderson 4–0 New York Yankees (30, 20–10) Billy Martin 1990 Cincinnati Reds (9, 5–4) Lou Piniella 4–0 Oakland Athletics (14, 9–5) Tony La Russa 1920 Cleveland Indians (1, 1–0) Tris Speaker 5–2[V] Brooklyn Robins (2, 0–2) Wilbert Robinson 1948 Cleveland Indians (2, 2–0) Lou Boudreau 4–2 Boston Braves (2, 1–1) Billy Southworth 1935 Detroit Tigers (5, 1–4) Mickey Cochrane 4–2 Chicago Cubs (8, 2–6) Charlie Grimm 1945 Detroit Tigers (7, 2–5) Steve O'Neill 4–3 Chicago Cubs (10, 2–8) Charlie Grimm 1968 Detroit Tigers (8, 3–5) Mayo Smith 4–3 St. Louis Cardinals (12, 8–4) Red Schoendienst 1984 Detroit Tigers (9, 4–5) Sparky Anderson 4–1 San Diego Padres (1, 0–1) Dick Williams 1997 Florida Marlins[W] (1, 1–0) Jim Leyland 4–3 Cleveland Indians (5, 2–3) Mike Hargrove 2003 Florida Marlins[W] (2, 2–0) Jack McKeon 4–2 New York Yankees (39, 26–13) Joe Torre 2017 Houston Astros (2, 1–1) A.J. Hinch 4–3 Los Angeles Dodgers (19, 6–13) Dave Roberts 2022 Houston Astros (5, 2–3) Dusty Baker 4–2 Philadelphia Phillies[W] (8, 2–6) Rob Thomson 1985 Kansas City Royals (2, 1–1) Dick Howser 4–3 St. Louis Cardinals (14, 9–5) Whitey Herzog 2015 Kansas City Royals (4, 2–2) Ned Yost 4–1 New York Mets (5, 2–3) Terry Collins 1959 Los Angeles Dodgers (10, 2–8) Walter Alston 4–2 Chicago White Sox (4, 2–2) Al Lopez 1963 Los Angeles Dodgers (11, 3–8) Walter Alston 4–0 New York Yankees (28, 20–8) Ralph Houk 1965 Los Angeles Dodgers (12, 4–8) Walter Alston 4–3 Minnesota Twins (4, 1–3) Sam Mele 1981 Los Angeles Dodgers (17, 5–12) Tommy Lasorda 4–2 New York Yankees (33, 22–11) Bob Lemon 1988 Los Angeles Dodgers (18, 6–12) Tommy Lasorda 4–1 Oakland Athletics (12, 8–4) Tony La Russa 2020 Los Angeles Dodgers (21, 7–14) Dave Roberts 4–2 Tampa Bay Rays (2, 0–2) Kevin Cash 2024 Los Angeles Dodgers (22, 8–14) Dave Roberts 4–1 New York Yankees (41, 27–14) Aaron Boone 2025 Los Angeles Dodgers (23, 9–14) Dave Roberts 4–3 Toronto Blue Jays (3, 2–1) John Schneider 1957 Milwaukee Braves (3, 2–1) Fred Haney 4–3 New York Yankees (23, 17–6) Casey Stengel 1987 Minnesota Twins (5, 2–3) Tom Kelly 4–3 St. Louis Cardinals (15, 9–6) Whitey Herzog 1991 Minnesota Twins (6, 3–3) Tom Kelly 4–3 Atlanta Braves (5, 2–3) Bobby Cox 1905[d] New York Giants (1, 1–0) John McGraw 4–1 Philadelphia Athletics (1, 0–1) Connie Mack 1921 New York Giants (6, 2–4) John McGraw 5–3[V] New York Yankees (1, 0–1) Miller Huggins 1922 New York Giants (7, 3–4) John McGraw 4–0–1[T] New York Yankees (2, 0–2) Miller Huggins 1933 New York Giants (10, 4–6) Bill Terry 4–1 Washington Senators (3, 1–2) Joe Cronin 1954 New York Giants (14, 5–9) Leo Durocher 4–0 Cleveland Indians (3, 2–1) Al Lopez 1969 New York Mets (1, 1–0) Gil Hodges 4–1 Baltimore Orioles (3, 1–2) Earl Weaver 1986 New York Mets (3, 2–1) Davey Johnson 4–3 Boston Red Sox (9, 5–4) John McNamara 1923 New York Yankees (3, 1–2) Miller Huggins 4–2 New York Giants (8, 3–5) John McGraw 1927 New York Yankees (5, 2–3) Miller Huggins 4–0 Pittsburgh Pirates (4, 2–2) Donie Bush 1928 New York Yankees (6, 3–3) Miller Huggins 4–0 St. Louis Cardinals (2, 1–1) Bill McKechnie 1932 New York Yankees (7, 4–3) Joe McCarthy 4–0 Chicago Cubs (7, 2–5) Charlie Grimm 1936 New York Yankees (8, 5–3) Joe McCarthy 4–2 New York Giants (11, 4–7) Bill Terry 1937 New York Yankees (9, 6–3) Joe McCarthy 4–1 New York Giants (12, 4–8) Bill Terry 1938 New York Yankees (10, 7–3) Joe McCarthy 4–0 Chicago Cubs (9, 2–7) Gabby Hartnett 1939 New York Yankees (11, 8–3) Joe McCarthy 4–0 Cincinnati Reds (2, 1–1) Bill McKechnie 1941 New York Yankees (12, 9–3) Joe McCarthy 4–1 Brooklyn Dodgers (3, 0–3) Leo Durocher 1943 New York Yankees (14, 10–4) Joe McCarthy 4–1 St. Louis Cardinals (7, 4–3) Billy Southworth 1947 New York Yankees (15, 11–4) Bucky Harris 4–3 Brooklyn Dodgers (4, 0–4) Burt Shotton 1949 New York Yankees (16, 12–4) Casey Stengel 4–1 Brooklyn Dodgers (5, 0–5) Burt Shotton 1950 New York Yankees (17, 13–4) Casey Stengel 4–0 Philadelphia Phillies (2, 0–2) Eddie Sawyer 1951 New York Yankees (18, 14–4) Casey Stengel 4–2 New York Giants (13, 4–9) Leo Durocher 1952 New York Yankees (19, 15–4) Casey Stengel 4–3 Brooklyn Dodgers (6, 0–6) Charlie Dressen 1953 New York Yankees (20, 16–4) Casey Stengel 4–2 Brooklyn Dodgers (7, 0–7) Charlie Dressen 1956 New York Yankees (22, 17–5) Casey Stengel 4–3 Brooklyn Dodgers (9, 1–8) Walter Alston 1958 New York Yankees (24, 18–6) Casey Stengel 4–3 Milwaukee Braves (4, 2–2) Fred Haney 1961 New York Yankees (26, 19–7) Ralph Houk 4–1 Cincinnati Reds (4, 2–2) Fred Hutchinson 1962 New York Yankees (27, 20–7) Ralph Houk 4–3 San Francisco Giants (15, 5–10) Alvin Dark 1977 New York Yankees (31, 21–10) Billy Martin 4–2 Los Angeles Dodgers (15, 4–11) Tommy Lasorda 1978 New York Yankees (32, 22–10) Bob Lemon 4–2 Los Angeles Dodgers (16, 4–12) Tommy Lasorda 1996 New York Yankees (34, 23–11) Joe Torre 4–2 Atlanta Braves (8, 3–5) Bobby Cox 1998 New York Yankees (35, 24–11) Joe Torre 4–0 San Diego Padres (2, 0–2) Bruce Bochy 1999 New York Yankees (36, 25–11) Joe Torre 4–0 Atlanta Braves (9, 3–6) Bobby Cox 2000 New York Yankees (37, 26–11) Joe Torre 4–1 New York Mets[W] (4, 2–2) Bobby Valentine 2009 New York Yankees (40, 27–13) Joe Girardi 4–2 Philadelphia Phillies (7, 2–5) Charlie Manuel 1972 Oakland Athletics (9, 6–3) Dick Williams 4–3 Cincinnati Reds (6, 2–4) Sparky Anderson 1973 Oakland Athletics (10, 7–3) Dick Williams 4–3 New York Mets (2, 1–1) Yogi Berra 1974 Oakland Athletics (11, 8–3) Alvin Dark 4–1 Los Angeles Dodgers (14, 4–10) Walter Alston 1989 Oakland Athletics (13, 9–4) Tony La Russa 4–0 San Francisco Giants (16, 5–11) Roger Craig 1910 Philadelphia Athletics (2, 1–1) Connie Mack 4–1 Chicago Cubs (4, 2–2) Frank Chance 1911 Philadelphia Athletics (3, 2–1) Connie Mack 4–2 New York Giants (2, 1–1) John McGraw 1913 Philadelphia Athletics (4, 3–1) Connie Mack 4–1 New York Giants (4, 1–3) John McGraw 1929 Philadelphia Athletics (6, 4–2) Connie Mack 4–1 Chicago Cubs (6, 2–4) Joe McCarthy 1930 Philadelphia Athletics (7, 5–2) Connie Mack 4–2 St. Louis Cardinals (3, 1–2) Gabby Street 1980 Philadelphia Phillies (3, 1–2) Dallas Green 4–2 Kansas City Royals (1, 0–1) Jim Frey 2008 Philadelphia Phillies (6, 2–4) Charlie Manuel 4–1 Tampa Bay Rays (1, 0–1) Joe Maddon 1909 Pittsburgh Pirates (2, 1–1) Fred Clarke 4–3 Detroit Tigers (3, 0–3) Hugh Jennings 1925 Pittsburgh Pirates (3, 2–1) Bill McKechnie 4–3 Washington Senators (2, 1–1) Bucky Harris 1960 Pittsburgh Pirates (5, 3–2) Danny Murtaugh 4–3 New York Yankees (25, 18–7) Casey Stengel 1971 Pittsburgh Pirates (6, 4–2) Danny Murtaugh 4–3 Baltimore Orioles (5, 2–3) Earl Weaver 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates (7, 5–2) Chuck Tanner 4–3 Baltimore Orioles (6, 2–4) Earl Weaver 2010 San Francisco Giants (18, 6–12) Bruce Bochy 4–1 Texas Rangers (1, 0–1) Ron Washington 2012 San Francisco Giants (19, 7–12) Bruce Bochy 4–0 Detroit Tigers (11, 4–7) Jim Leyland 2014 San Francisco Giants[W] (20, 8–12) Bruce Bochy 4–3 Kansas City Royals[W] (3, 1–2) Ned Yost 1926 St. Louis Cardinals (1, 1–0) Rogers Hornsby 4–3 New York Yankees (4, 1–3) Miller Huggins 1931 St. Louis Cardinals (4, 2–2) Gabby Street 4–3 Philadelphia Athletics (8, 5–3) Connie Mack 1934 St. Louis Cardinals (5, 3–2) Frank Frisch 4–3 Detroit Tigers (4, 0–4) Mickey Cochrane 1942 St. Louis Cardinals (6, 4–2) Billy Southworth 4–1 New York Yankees (13, 9–4) Joe McCarthy 1944 St. Louis Cardinals (8, 5–3) Billy Southworth 4–2 St. Louis Browns (1, 0–1) Luke Sewell 1946 St. Louis Cardinals (9, 6–3) Eddie Dyer 4–3 Boston Red Sox (6, 5–1) Joe Cronin 1964 St. Louis Cardinals (10, 7–3) Johnny Keane 4–3 New York Yankees (29, 20–9) Yogi Berra 1967[e] St. Louis Cardinals (11, 8–3) Red Schoendienst 4–3 Boston Red Sox (7, 5–2) Dick Williams 1982 St. Louis Cardinals (13, 9–4) Whitey Herzog 4–3 Milwaukee Brewers[A] (1, 0–1) Harvey Kuenn 2006 St. Louis Cardinals (17, 10–7) Tony La Russa 4–1 Detroit Tigers[W] (10, 4–6) Jim Leyland 2011 St. Louis Cardinals[W] (18, 11–7) Tony La Russa 4–3 Texas Rangers (2, 0–2) Ron Washington 2023 Texas Rangers[W] (3, 1–2) Bruce Bochy 4–1 Arizona Diamondbacks[W] (2, 1–1) Torey Lovullo 1992 Toronto Blue Jays (1, 1–0) Cito Gaston 4–2 Atlanta Braves (6, 2–4) Bobby Cox 1993 Toronto Blue Jays (2, 2–0) Cito Gaston 4–2 Philadelphia Phillies (5, 1–4) Jim Fregosi 2019 Washington Nationals[W] (1, 1–0) Dave Martinez 4–3 Houston Astros (3, 1–2) A. J. Hinch 1924 Washington Senators (1, 1–0) Bucky Harris 4–3 New York Giants (9, 3–6) John McGraw Legend

The World Series has been awarded to a major‑league champion every year since 1903 except 1904 and 1994; through 2025 there have been 122 Series, and the New York Yankees hold the most titles (27). What you’re asking and how I’ll deliver it You asked for every World Series winner since the beginning. That is a long year‑by‑year list (1903–2025). Below I give a concise summary with the most important facts and top champions, then I can provide the complete year‑by‑year list in parts (e.g., 1903–1930, 1931–1960, 1961–1990, 1991–2025) if you want the full table. The authoritative sources for this data are Baseball‑Reference, MLB.com, and the World Series champions page on Wikipedia. Key facts (quick reference) First World Series: 1903 (Boston Americans beat Pittsburgh). Years without a Series: 1904 (Giants declined to play) and 1994 (players’ strike). Total Series contested through 2025: 122. Most championships: New York Yankees — 27 titles. Most NL championships (by wins): St. Louis Cardinals — 11 titles. Decade summaries (high level) 1900s–1920s: Early champions include Boston (Red Sox), Chicago, New York Giants, and the first Yankees title in 1923. 1930s–1950s: Yankees dynasty dominates (multiple titles across these decades). 1960s–1990s: Expansion-era winners appear (Mets 1969, Reds 1975–76, etc.); 1994 canceled. 2000s–2020s: Mix of repeat winners (Yankees, Red Sox, Giants, Dodgers, Astros, Rangers)

Windows 11 is a redesigned, security‑focused successor to Windows 10 with stricter hardware requirements (TPM 2.0, newer CPUs), a modern centered UI, improved multitasking and gaming features, and a redesigned Store — Windows 10 remains more compatible with older PCs but reached end of support on 14 Oct 2025. Quick decision guide If your PC meets Windows 11 requirements and you want a modern UI, better security, and gaming improvements, upgrade. If you rely on older hardware or specific legacy workflows, stay on Windows 10 only if you accept the lack of security updates after 14 Oct 2025. Side‑by‑side comparison (key differences) Feature Windows 10 Windows 11 Support status Supported until 14 Oct 2025 Current OS with ongoing updates. Minimum requirements Lower; runs many older 64‑bit CPUs TPM 2.0, UEFI Secure Boot, 4 GB RAM, 64 GB storage, recent 64‑bit CPU. User interface Classic left‑aligned Start and Taskbar Centered Taskbar, rounded corners, Fluent Design, simplified Start. Multitasking Basic Snap and Task View Snap Layouts, Snap Groups, improved virtual desktops. Gaming Standard Game Mode Auto HDR, DirectStorage support for faster load times. Store and apps Traditional Microsoft Store Redesigned Store; Android apps supported via Amazon Appstore (limited rollout). Security Standard Defender features Stricter baseline: TPM 2.0, VBS and Secure Boot emphasis. What changes most for users Appearance and workflow: Centered taskbar and new Start change muscle memory; you can move taskbar alignment but some behaviors differ. Compatibility: Some older peripherals or enterprise apps may need updates; check vendor support before upgrading. Security posture: Windows 11 enforces hardware features that enable stronger protections against firmware and kernel attacks. Risks, trade‑offs, and practical steps Risk: New hardware requirements mean many older PCs cannot upgrade and will no longer receive security patches if you stay on Windows 10. Trade‑off: Windows 11’s UI removes or changes some legacy conveniences (e.g., certain taskbar behaviors). Actionable steps before upgrading: Run Microsoft’s PC Health Check to confirm compatibility. Back up your system image and data. Check drivers and critical app compatibility with vendors. Delay upgrade on production machines until you confirm all tools work.

There’s no single hard limit on how many distinct email addresses a person can use, but limits depend on each provider: Gmail gives effectively unlimited “aliases” via plus‑addressing and dot tricks, Outlook/Hotmail limits aliases to about 10 active addresses (with creation rate limits), and Yahoo’s disposable/alias features are capped by plan (up to 500 for paid users). Quick guide — what “how many emails” can mean Separate accounts (separate logins): you can create many accounts across providers; practical limits are set by each provider’s signup rules. Aliases that deliver to one inbox (no new login): many providers support aliases or “plus addressing” so one account can receive mail sent to many addresses. Disposable/temporary addresses: some services (Yahoo, Proton, Fastmail) offer disposable aliases with their own caps or paid tiers. Key provider facts (most relevant) Gmail: You can use plus addressing (you+tag@gmail.com) and Gmail ignores dots in the local part, so you effectively have unlimited receive‑only aliases that all deliver to one inbox. Outlook/Hotmail (consumer): Microsoft allows up to 10 active aliases per account and enforces creation/weekly limits (e.g., 2 per 7 days; 10 per 12 months). Deleted aliases may still count toward yearly limits. Yahoo: Disposable/alias addresses exist; free users have small limits, while Yahoo Mail Plus subscribers can create many (up to 500 disposable addresses in supported locales). Other providers: ProtonMail, Fastmail, and many hosted/mailbox services support plus‑addressing or configurable aliases; exact limits vary by plan. Practical recommendations (decisions to make) If you want many addresses without extra logins: use Gmail plus‑addressing or providers that support aliases. If you need separate credentials for security/privacy: create separate accounts (one per purpose) and enable 2‑step verification. Security experts often recommend multiple accounts (work, personal, banking, shopping). If you need disposable addresses for signups: use Yahoo Mail Plus, ProtonMail’s alias features, or dedicated burner‑email services. Risks, limits, and tips Provider limits and rate rules: creating/deleting aliases repeatedly can trigger rate limits or yearly caps (especially Microsoft). Security tradeoff: many aliases funnel to one inbox—if that account is compromised, all aliases are exposed. Use strong passwords and 2FA. Form compatibility: some websites reject “+” or unusual formats; keep a fallback (dot variants or separate account).

If you’ve lost access to a Hotmail/Outlook (Microsoft) account, start with Microsoft’s account recovery flow (password reset or Sign‑in Helper); if that fails, complete the Microsoft Account Recovery form with as many accurate details as you can and wait for Microsoft’s review. Quick decision guide (what to try first) Can you still receive codes at your recovery phone or email? If yes, use the password reset flow. Do you no longer control any recovery contact? Use the Microsoft Account Recovery form and prepare detailed evidence. Did you have purchases or subscriptions (Microsoft 365, Xbox)? Keep billing/order info handy — it can help verify identity. Step‑by‑step recovery (actionable) Try the standard password reset Go to the Microsoft account sign‑in page → Forgot password → follow prompts to send a code to your recovery email/phone. This is the fastest route if recovery options still work. Use the Sign‑in Helper if you don’t see recovery options Microsoft’s Sign‑in Helper guides you through alternate verification steps before the full recovery form. Try it first — it’s quicker and recommended by Microsoft. Fill the Microsoft Account Recovery form (if needed) Provide an alternate working email (Microsoft will contact you there). Give as many details as possible: previous passwords, account creation date, folder names, recent email subjects, services used (OneDrive, Xbox), billing/order numbers. Guessing is OK — more correct details increase success. Microsoft reviews submissions and typically responds within 24–48 hours. If the automated form fails Retry with more accurate or additional details; multiple attempts often succeed if you improve the answers. If you have paid Microsoft services, contact Microsoft Support under Billing/Account Profile and provide order/subscription info to help verify identity. After recovery Immediately update your recovery phone/email and enable two‑step verification. Review recent activity and change passwords on any linked services. What helps your chances (evidence to gather) Old passwords (even approximate). Account creation date or year. Recent email subjects or frequent contacts. Billing/order numbers for Microsoft purchases. Risks, scams, and limitations If two‑step verification is on and you’ve lost all verification methods, Microsoft may be unable to help. Plan for this when setting up accounts. Beware phishing: Microsoft will not ask for your password by email; don’t give credentials to anyone claiming to “unlock” your account. No guaranteed recovery: Accounts inactive for long periods or with insufficient verification details may be unrecoverable; persistence and accurate details improve odds

Chinese Mahjong is a four‑player game where the goal is to form a legal winning hand—usually four melds plus a pair—by drawing and discarding tiles; play proceeds around a square “wall,” with claims (chow/pung/kong) allowed on discards and bonus Flowers scored immediately. Quick planning guide (decisions to make before you play) Which rule set: Hong Kong/Cantonese, Chinese Official (international), or regional variants — scoring and allowed special hands differ. Table rules: Flowers/Seasons on/off, kongs replacement, limit on special hands. Clarifying question: Do you want a simple beginner version (Hong Kong style) or tournament rules (Chinese Official)? Setup and tiles Tiles: Standard Chinese sets use 144 tiles: three suits (Dots, Bamboo, Characters), Winds (E/S/W/N), Dragons (Red/Green/White), and Flowers/Seasons. Seating: Four players take East, South, West, North; East (dealer) starts with 14 tiles, others with 13. Objective and winning hand Standard winning hand: 4 melds + 1 pair (a meld = Chow sequence, Pung triplet, or Kong quad). Some special hands (e.g., Thirteen Orphans) are exceptions. You win when you have 14 tiles forming a legal pattern and declare Mahjong. Basic turn flow Draw one tile from the wall (dealer starts). Discard one tile face up. Other players may claim the discard: Chow (only from the player on your left) to complete a sequence. Pung to take a discard and expose a triplet. Kong to expose four-of-a-kind (draw replacement tile from the dead wall). Claiming interrupts normal turn order and exposes melds that cannot be rearranged. Flowers and replacements Flowers/Seasons are revealed immediately when drawn and replaced by drawing from the wall; they usually give bonus points. Scoring (essentials) Scoring systems vary: Hong Kong style uses simple point/bonus scoring; Chinese Official (international) uses a standardized point table and minimum points for a valid win. Penalties apply for false Mahjong. Always agree on scoring before play. Beginner tips and common pitfalls Sort tiles by suit and potential melds; pick a target early (pure suit, mixed sets, or honors). Expose only when necessary—exposed melds reduce flexibility. Practice recognizing waits (what tile completes your hand). Risks and limitations Rule variation: Different regions use different scoring and allowed hands—misunderstanding these causes disputes. Agree rules and scoring before starting.

American Mahjong is a four‑player tile game where you must complete one of the yearly National Mah Jongg League (NMJL) hands on the official card; play includes a pregame tile exchange called the Charleston, use of Jokers, and standard draw/discard turns until someone declares Mahjong. Overview Goal: Complete exactly one hand printed on the current NMJL card and be first to declare Mahjong. The card defines which combinations are legal each year. Setup and tiles Players: 4 (seated East, South, West, North). East is the dealer. Tiles: 152 tiles total — 3 suits (Craks, Bams, Dots), Winds, Dragons, 8 Jokers, and 8 Flowers. East draws 14 tiles; others draw 13. The Charleston (pregame exchange) A structured passing sequence used to shape hands before play: Pass 3 tiles right → Pass 3 tiles left → Pass 3 tiles across. Optional courtesy/ blind passes may follow. Use the Charleston to move toward a chosen NMJL hand. Turn sequence Draw a tile from the wall (or take the most recent discard if it completes your hand). Discard one tile face up. Play proceeds clockwise until someone declares Mahjong or the wall is exhausted. Jokers Flowers and special rules Jokers are wild and can substitute in sets of three or more, but cannot be used for single tiles or pairs in most hands; there are specific restrictions on where Jokers may appear depending on the NMJL card and hand type. Flowers are usually set aside and replaced by drawing from the wall (they count as fillers for certain hands). Always check the card and house rules for exact Joker limits. Declaring Mahjong and scoring When your 14 tiles exactly match a hand on the NMJL card, reveal and declare Mahjong. A false Mahjong is penalized; verify hands carefully. Scoring follows the card’s point values and any agreed table rules. Quick beginner checklist Get the current NMJL card and a proper American set with Jokers. Learn the Charleston and practice passing strategically. Memorize common hands on the card and Joker restrictions. Common pitfalls and risks Mistaking allowed hands — you must match the NMJL card exactly; improvising with non‑card hands is not allowed. Misusing Jokers — overreliance or illegal Joker placement can invalidate a win.

Make Windows 11 faster for photo editing by prioritizing a fast SSD, more RAM, up‑to‑date GPU drivers, and trimming background tasks; combine those hardware upgrades with OS tweaks (power plan, Storage Sense, app settings) for the biggest, reliable gains. Key considerations and decision points Primary bottlenecks for photo editing: storage speed (catalogs, scratch/preview files), RAM (working set for large images), CPU single‑thread speed, and GPU acceleration for your editor. Quick wins: move catalogs and scratch disks to an NVMe SSD; increase RAM to at least 16–32 GB depending on file sizes; update GPU drivers and enable GPU acceleration in your editor. Actionable checklist (do these in order) Move photo catalogs and scratch to an NVMe SSD — reduces load times and preview generation dramatically. Increase RAM — 16 GB minimum; 32 GB+ for large RAW workflows or multi‑layer editing. Update GPU drivers and enable GPU acceleration in Lightroom/Photoshop. Use vendor control panel to set performance mode. Trim background apps and startup items via Task Manager; disable Photos app background behavior if it’s consuming resources. Use Windows Storage Sense and keep at least 20% free on your system drive to avoid slowdowns. Comparison table of changes and impact Change Performance impact Effort When to choose NVMe SSD for catalogs/scratch Very high Medium Large catalogs, slow HDDs Add RAM (16→32 GB) High Medium Working with big RAW files, many layers GPU driver + acceleration Medium–High Easy Editors that use GPU (Photoshop, LR) Disable background apps / Photos app Medium Easy Systems with many startup apps Power plan to Best performance Small–Medium Easy Laptops or power‑saving defaults Specific Windows 11 tweaks and commands Power: Settings → System → Power → Best performance. Disable Photos app background: Settings → Apps → Installed apps → Photos → Advanced settings → Background apps permissions off. Storage Sense: Settings → System → Storage → Storage Sense on; configure to clear temp files and old installers. Risks, tradeoffs, and final tips Security vs performance: disabling core isolation or virtualization features can yield small gains but reduces security; avoid unless necessary. Cost: NVMe and extra RAM are the most effective upgrades per dollar for editing workflows. Photos app behavior: Microsoft Photos can be resource‑hungry; disabling its startup/background tasks prevents unexpected slowdowns.